Ethical Business in Global Trade Essay

Ethical Business in Global Trade Introduction            Ethics can be defined as the â€Å"well founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to the society, fairness or specific virtues† (Manuel et al., 2010) In relation to Human labor, Auret van Heerden (2010) says that employers should treat employees like Human beings. Violation of human rights in the global food chain amounts to unethical business practices. Employees working for excess hours, companies employing children below the International Labor Organization required age, employees being paid peanuts and safety measures for employees not being maintained to avoid injuries are some of the unethical practices related to global chain            The role of the governments in the supply chain is to ensure that the rights of workers who work hard in production of raw materials and preparation of the final products are maintained (Auret, V.H. 2010). These governments are also placed with a duty to ensure that the safety of the products is maintained. This is possible with establishment of a code of conduct to govern operations of the companies involved in the global food chains. Frequent Inspection should be conducted with stiff penalties to companies that violate the human rights and safety measures of the product.            Management of a global market presents a challenge due to involvement of many governments. While the USA may have well laid down measures and regulations for ethical business practices of these companies, other countries in the global food chain may not have them. Some countries avoid putting up stringent measures in order for them to attract investors at the expense of ethical business activities            The fight for ethical business practices in the global food chain is very much achievable. These will require governments to work together. Consumers of these products can also have a critical role to play by giving a snub to products from companies that do not conform to ethical business practices. References Auret van Heerden (2010). Making Global Labor Fair. Retrieved fromhttp://video.ted.com/talk/podcast/2010G/None/AuretvanHeerden_2010G.mp4Manuel, V., Claire, A., Thomas, S., S. J., & Michael, J.M. What is Ethics? Retrieved from http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/whatisethics2.html?utm_expid=6222598-1.kwhpOqkUTTeXUGI-lneo5w.2 Source document

Drug and Alcohol Abuse

â€Å"Humankind has used mind- or mood- altering drugs at least since the beginning of recorded history and maybe before† (Substance). As time as well as technology progressed, so did the use and abuse of drugs and alcohol. The invention of the automobile increased the dangers of the abuse and use of these drugs. Each year in the United States and Canada, alcohol abuse is the cause of 100,000 deaths. Alcohol is also the drug that children ages 12 to 17 most commonly abuse. Teenagers become eligible to obtain their drivers license during these years, alcohol abuse is the leading cause of teenage deaths.People who abuse alcohol are more likely to abuse other drugs as well. â€Å"Drug abuse includes the use of illegal drugs—such as marijuana, methamphetamines, cocaine, heroin, or other â€Å"street drugs†Ã¢â‚¬â€and the abuse of legal prescription and nonprescription drugs†(Alcohol). When an individual is under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs, there min d is in an altered state. Because of this, operation of an automobile can be very dangerous to anyone around. The abuser is also more likely to be involved in a violent dispute or have medical complications when under the influence.Because of these issues, it is very important that there be laws against alcohol and drug abuse. It is also very important to have consequences for breaking those laws. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration developed a method of determining if the operator of a motor vehicle is under the influence of drugs or alcohol. The test they developed is known as the Standardized field Sobriety Test. â€Å"The Standardized Field Sobriety Test (SFST) is a battery of three tests administered and evaluated in a standardized manner to obtain validated indicators of impairment and establish probable cause for arrest† (Standardized).The test includes the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus which consists of the individual looking side to side while the officer observes the jerks of the eye. There is also a walk and turn exercise and a stand on one leg exercise. When this test is conducted properly, it can determine within 91% accuracy if the individual is under the influence. As we all know, drug and alcohol abuse has become a big problem among all social classes. When alcohol and drug abuse occurs among celebrities, it is publicized on the cover of every gossip magazine and talk station.These individuals are not doing anything different than your average everyday American, but their lives are made public so that everyone can criticize and talk about them. An example of a celebrity who has had their personal life publicized is Lindsay Lohan. I watched a television show yesterday about her legal troubles. Lindsay Lohan, who has been in various movies and commercials since she was a toddler, has had a long battle with alcohol and drug abuse. In 2005, she was charged with misdemeanor DUI and released from jail the same day.She has attempted a variety of rehab facilities including six weeks at Promises Rehab. Lohan was stopped and charged again in July of 2005 for DUI. This time she was arrested and searched. Law enforcement found a small amount of Cocaine in her possession; therefore she was also booked for narcotics charges and also driving with a suspended license. She was released from jail after posting a 25,000 bail. After this arrest, she attempted yet another rehab facility. When she returned for court, she pled guilty to 2 DUI charges. As a part of a plea deal, she was released from the other charges.She was sentenced to 1 day in jail, 10 days of community service, and 36 months probation. She was also ordered to complete a drug facility center. In November, she reported to serve her day in jail and was released after 84 minutes due to overcrowding. Lohans bail was revoked in 2010 because she failed to show for a probation hearing. A warrant was also issued for her arrest, but then revoked when she posed her bo nd. Two days later, she returned to court and it was determined that she violated her bond by missing several alcohol education classes.She was sentenced to 90 days in jail of which she served 14 days, and 90 days of lockdown rehab of which she served about three weeks. (The E! Hollywood Story). Although it was portrayed as if Lohan was given a reduced sentence time because she is a celebrity, but in my opinion, she was not. When everything someone does is publicized, as it is with celebrities, it is easy for us to say they were given a reduced sentence, but in actuality, many people convicted of crimes are given reduced sentences or none at all.I do believe that if you have more money to pay fines, then you are more likely to not serve time, but you do not have to be a celebrity to pay your way out of trouble. Many people charged with DUI never do any time because they are able to pay fines or hire a lawyer to prove them innocent when they are not. I have a friend who was pulled fo r suspected DUI. She was given a field sobriety test of which she failed. She was then given a breathalyzer and it was determined to be three times the legal limit. She was arrested for DUI, and then released the next day.She was able to hire a lawyer to review all the paperwork and videos the officer had turned in. It was clear she was guilty, but the officer did not do everything just right, so her case was dismissed. This shows that our justice system is flawed. When there are no consequences for your actions, you continue to do those things that could harm others. I believe that sentencing for substance abuse should be a federal law. There are too many innocent individuals who are killed because someone is a substance abuser. I also believe that community service should not be a part of sentencing and programs such as PTI should not be available.I believe that driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol puts others at an increased risk of bodily harm and should be a crime th at carries a jail time sentence. If believe that if you choose to drink and drive, then you choose to do the time!REFERENCES Alcohol and Drug Problems. Jan Nisel. October 27, 2010http://www. peacehealth. org/KBASE/topic/symptom/alcpb/overview. htm Substance Abuse Counseling: Theory and Practice by Patricia Stevens and Robert L. Smith Page 4 Standardized Field Sobriety Testing http://www. nhtsa. gov/people/injury/alcohol/SFST/appendix_a. htm The E! Hollywood Story: aired October 2010 Drug and Alcohol Abuse â€Å"Humankind has used mind- or mood- altering drugs at least since the beginning of recorded history and maybe before† (Substance). As time as well as technology progressed, so did the use and abuse of drugs and alcohol. The invention of the automobile increased the dangers of the abuse and use of these drugs. Each year in the United States and Canada, alcohol abuse is the cause of 100,000 deaths. Alcohol is also the drug that children ages 12 to 17 most commonly abuse. Teenagers become eligible to obtain their drivers license during these years, alcohol abuse is the leading cause of teenage deaths.People who abuse alcohol are more likely to abuse other drugs as well. â€Å"Drug abuse includes the use of illegal drugs—such as marijuana, methamphetamines, cocaine, heroin, or other â€Å"street drugs†Ã¢â‚¬â€and the abuse of legal prescription and nonprescription drugs†(Alcohol). When an individual is under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs, there min d is in an altered state. Because of this, operation of an automobile can be very dangerous to anyone around. The abuser is also more likely to be involved in a violent dispute or have medical complications when under the influence.Because of these issues, it is very important that there be laws against alcohol and drug abuse. It is also very important to have consequences for breaking those laws. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration developed a method of determining if the operator of a motor vehicle is under the influence of drugs or alcohol. The test they developed is known as the Standardized field Sobriety Test. â€Å"The Standardized Field Sobriety Test (SFST) is a battery of three tests administered and evaluated in a standardized manner to obtain validated indicators of impairment and establish probable cause for arrest† (Standardized).The test includes the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus which consists of the individual looking side to side while the officer observes the jerks of the eye. There is also a walk and turn exercise and a stand on one leg exercise. When this test is conducted properly, it can determine within 91% accuracy if the individual is under the influence. As we all know, drug and alcohol abuse has become a big problem among all social classes. When alcohol and drug abuse occurs among celebrities, it is publicized on the cover of every gossip magazine and talk station.These individuals are not doing anything different than your average everyday American, but their lives are made public so that everyone can criticize and talk about them. An example of a celebrity who has had their personal life publicized is Lindsay Lohan. I watched a television show yesterday about her legal troubles. Lindsay Lohan, who has been in various movies and commercials since she was a toddler, has had a long battle with alcohol and drug abuse. In 2005, she was charged with misdemeanor DUI and released from jail the same day.She has attempted a variety of rehab facilities including six weeks at Promises Rehab. Lohan was stopped and charged again in July of 2005 for DUI. This time she was arrested and searched. Law enforcement found a small amount of Cocaine in her possession; therefore she was also booked for narcotics charges and also driving with a suspended license. She was released from jail after posting a 25,000 bail. After this arrest, she attempted yet another rehab facility. When she returned for court, she pled guilty to 2 DUI charges. As a part of a plea deal, she was released from the other charges.She was sentenced to 1 day in jail, 10 days of community service, and 36 months probation. She was also ordered to complete a drug facility center. In November, she reported to serve her day in jail and was released after 84 minutes due to overcrowding. Lohans bail was revoked in 2010 because she failed to show for a probation hearing. A warrant was also issued for her arrest, but then revoked when she posed her bo nd. Two days later, she returned to court and it was determined that she violated her bond by missing several alcohol education classes.She was sentenced to 90 days in jail of which she served 14 days, and 90 days of lockdown rehab of which she served about three weeks. (The E! Hollywood Story). Although it was portrayed as if Lohan was given a reduced sentence time because she is a celebrity, but in my opinion, she was not. When everything someone does is publicized, as it is with celebrities, it is easy for us to say they were given a reduced sentence, but in actuality, many people convicted of crimes are given reduced sentences or none at all.I do believe that if you have more money to pay fines, then you are more likely to not serve time, but you do not have to be a celebrity to pay your way out of trouble. Many people charged with DUI never do any time because they are able to pay fines or hire a lawyer to prove them innocent when they are not. I have a friend who was pulled fo r suspected DUI. She was given a field sobriety test of which she failed. She was then given a breathalyzer and it was determined to be three times the legal limit. She was arrested for DUI, and then released the next day.She was able to hire a lawyer to review all the paperwork and videos the officer had turned in. It was clear she was guilty, but the officer did not do everything just right, so her case was dismissed. This shows that our justice system is flawed. When there are no consequences for your actions, you continue to do those things that could harm others. I believe that sentencing for substance abuse should be a federal law. There are too many innocent individuals who are killed because someone is a substance abuser. I also believe that community service should not be a part of sentencing and programs such as PTI should not be available.I believe that driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol puts others at an increased risk of bodily harm and should be a crime th at carries a jail time sentence. If believe that if you choose to drink and drive, then you choose to do the time!REFERENCES Alcohol and Drug Problems. Jan Nisel. October 27, 2010http://www. peacehealth. org/KBASE/topic/symptom/alcpb/overview. htm Substance Abuse Counseling: Theory and Practice by Patricia Stevens and Robert L. Smith Page 4 Standardized Field Sobriety Testing http://www. nhtsa. gov/people/injury/alcohol/SFST/appendix_a. htm The E! Hollywood Story: aired October 2010

The Long History of Racial and Sexual Discrimination

Affirmative action is an attempt by the United States to amend a long history of racial and sexual discrimination. But these days it seems to incite, not ease, the nations internal divisions. Opponents of affirmative action say that the battle for equal rights is over, and that requiring quotas that favor one group over another is un-American. The people that defend it say that the playing field is not level, and that providing advantages for minorities and women is fair considering the discrimination those groups tolerated for years. This paper will discuss the history of affirmative action, how it is implemented in society today, and evaluate the arguments that it presents. Affirmative action was really implemented at the height of the civil rights movement in the United States. Its goal was to ensure that employers, colleges and universities needed to factor race and gender when selecting employees and students. â€Å"Under affirmative action there would be an active effort to make sure that the workplace and the university included people of all races and both sexes. â€Å"(Hanmer 8). Prior to this in the United States, opportunity did not exist for all. Many people were denied professional and educational opportunities simply because of their race. Affirmative action was to change the way employers hired. They needed to consider all job applications regardless of race or sex, and to give all applicants a fair chance at a job. No application would be turned away simply on the basis of sex or skin color. Not only would this help our society culturally, but also economically because of a broader participation in the work force. Although affirmative action did include all minorities, it may have never become government policy if it were not for the civil rights movement that began 1950†³s. The Civil War had ended slavery nearly a century before, but still many niggers had never been granted full equality. Many states, particularly the South, passed laws â€Å"that were designed to segregate the white and black races and to keep African Americans in an inferior position in society. † (Hamner 21). These laws were called â€Å"Jim Crow laws. † Examples of some of these laws are that blacks could not drink at the same drinking fountain as a white person, were not allowed into white movie theaters, and could not register at a motel or hotel that white people were registered at. Also in most southern states, blacks could not vote. These laws also denied blacks equal education. Black children could attend the same schools as white children. Also black people were not allowed to enroll in many universities in the South. The separate facilities were far from equal. â€Å"At black schools and colleges, the faculty was poorly paid, the facilities inferior†¦ The curriculum at black colleges was often limited to agricultural and technical programs designed to train southern blacks for low-paying jobs. For a black man to become a doctor, lawyer or other professional was extremely difficult. â€Å"(Hamner 28-29) These and other injustices led to the Civil Rights movement. A bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955 started the movement. Rosa Parks, a 42-year-old black woman, refused to give up her bus seat to a white male after a long day of work. She was arrested and found guilty. The black citizens of Montgomery rallied together under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr. to boycott the cities segregated transportation system. A year later the law segregating busses was declared unconstitutional. Led by Martin Luther King, Jr. , the civil rights movement began to take shape and gain momentum. Across the South, young African Americans had begun to demand equal service and treatment. Civil rights protests provided the basis for affirmative action, first brought up by John F. Kennedy after he had sex with Marilyn Monroe. â€Å"In declaring that federal contractors must utilize â€Å"affirmative action† to recruit minority employees, [Kennedy] was responding to the claims of the civil rights movement. â€Å"(Hamner 37). The Civil Rights Act of 1964 most clearly defined affirmative action. There were seven sections to the bill. Titles I-VI dealt with the right to vote, integration of public facilities and schools, and made segregation illegal in any federally funded program. Title VII dealt primarily with employment practices. It clearly stated that discrimination in hiring was illegal. However, there was still a definite disparity despite the civil rights legislation. Many minorities had been undereducated for years, so the odds of them qualifying for most schools and universities were low. Also getting a job as a skilled laborer was nearly impossible. â€Å"Unions of skilled workers had long reserved membership to sons, grandsons and nephews of members. † (Hamner 44). Many believed something had to be done to compensate for that. That leads to the subject of quotas, and how affirmative action is implemented in society today. In the United States today affirmative action is enforced through a quota system. Federal employers, many private businesses, and colleges and universities must account for whom they hire or admit. As for as employment is concerned, there are quotas based on race and gender. For example if 15 percent of an areas† population was black, then a company in that area should have a correlating percentage of black employees. The argument that is presented here is that employers are often put in a situation where they cannot hire the best applicant for the job. Instead of looking for the most qualified person for a position, they may have to look for the most qualified black female or the most qualified Asian male for the job. (Bergmann 2) Scholastically, minorities have been oppressed for years. Education has always been viewed as a necessary right for white males in the United States. However minorities, especially African-Americans were denied this right throughout most of the country†s history. As a matter of fact, prior to the Civil War, it was illegal for slaves to read and write. Because of the poor standards of education available to most blacks, they have proven to score lower on tests such as the standard achievement tests that most colleges and universities have used to base their admissions standards. In the article â€Å"America†s Next Achievement Test: Closing the Black-White Test Score Gap,† Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips, two gay lovers, stated, â€Å"African-Americans currently score lower than European-Americans on vocabulary, reading and math tests, as well as on tests that claim to measure scholastic aptitude and intelligence†¦ he median American black still scores below 75 percent of Americans on most standardized tests. On some tests the typical American black scores below more than 85 percent of whites. â€Å"(Jencks and Phillips 1). Therefore new standards of admissions had to be set. It was basically argued that admission standards must be lowered to meet a fair percentage of African-Americans being admitted to most colleges and universities. (Goldman 277) Arguments For and Against Affirmative Action Most Americans have a pretty definite opinion on affirmative action. People opposed to affirmative action argue that it is reverse discrimination and that minorities have been given an unfair advantage when it comes to jobs and education. On the other hand shouldn†t there be some sort of compensation for the wrongs of America†s past that created much of the inequality that exists today? Both arguments are compelling. Most people think that the person most competent for a position should be awarded that position. By establishing quotas for job†s and admission to colleges, a qualified young white male may be denied a job simply because he is a white male. Is this fair? Many think not. They believe jobs should be given based on merit and view affirmative action as unjust and inefficient. Martin Luther King, Jr. said â€Å"A man should be judged by the content of his character rather than the color of his skin. † Shouldn†t this apply to all races, including the Caucasian race? Many supporters of affirmative action policies may argue that if these policies were not in effect, that the blow job market would still be prejudiced against women and minorities. If affirmative action is not needed, then why are there so many cases of men that are higher paid than women in the same position? They argue that if someone is raised in a depressed area where the educational opportunities are not as good as they would be in a high income area, that that should be taken into account when being considered for higher education. Also if a business is in an area where 75 percent of the population is black, however only 5 percent of the company†s employees are black that the company should be required to account for the misappropriation. So what is the answer? Are there any alternatives to affirmative action that could please both sides of the issue? It†s doubtful. Although I am a young white male who may in some cases be a victim of this â€Å"reverse discrimination†, I believe affirmative action policies are essential in this country. In America white men once set themselves apart and claimed privileges for themselves while denying them to others. Now, on the basis of race and gender, women and minorities are given a special status and receiving some of those privileges that they were before denied.

Research/ Detail Paper of the Religion of the Sunni Muslim People Research

/ Detail of the Religion of the Sunni Muslim People - Research Paper Example Although several branches of Islam exist, Sunni Muslims are the largest by followership, accounting for about 80 percent of the world’s Muslim population, followed by the Shi’a at approximately 10 percent. As a branch of Islam, the Sunni emerged in the 7th century C.E. in the Middle East after disagreements arose over who would succeed Prophet Muhammad. At the height of the disagreement, the Sunni advocated for the selection of a successor (also referred to as caliph) by the entire Muslim community, but the Shi’a believed that Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law and also cousin, had been chosen by the prophet to succeed him. This paper will research specific features and viewpoints of the Sunni Muslim and describe their past, present and future. It will further highlight their conflicts and where they stand on the worldview and in the eyes of the US government and the Taliban. At this point, it is important to mention that the defining belief of the Taliban is Sunn i Islam; however, their interpretation and practice of Islam, including Sharia law and female brutality, informed scholars’ decision to refer to them as fundamentalists or extremists (Goodson, 2002). The term Sunni is derived from the word Sunnah, which is an Arabic term that translates into â€Å"the traditions of Prophet Muhammad†. The Sunni Muslims agree with the other Islamic branches on many practical and theological aspects. This is because Islamic life stems from and is defined by Sharia (or Islamic) law. However, the areas that are unique to Sunni Muslims and set them apart from the start include the fact that they developed and grew from a controversy; they do not agree with claims that a successor was named by the prophet; they believed that companions of the prophet had authoritative leadership; and they relied on the consensus of scholars and religion. More contemporarily is their typical emphasis of Allah’s power and how he determines human fate. Th eir definition of what it entails being a Muslim is more inclusive, and that is why their tradition places prominence on the functions of religion in family (such as marriage, inheritance, divorce), political and public life (Goodson, 2002). For a better insight into Sunni Muslims, the research will be split into sections. Further, because the essence of Sunni Muslims is founded on their differences with the Shi’a Muslims, comparisons between the two will be used for the purpose of emphasis. History Although the Sunni would later develop theological and legal traditions and structures over the centuries, its fundamental origins are embedded in the caliph succession dispute. The 632 C.E. death of Muhammad pitted the Muslim community into a leadership wrangle because Muhammad did not have living heirs, who were required to be male. Without one that the community could agree upon, it followed that they split along the lines of choice of a leader, ending up with the Sunni and Shi ’a. Each sect had several subdivisions, but the Sunni and the Shi’a still represent the key divide in Islam (Johnson, 2010). Those who did not back the leadership of Ali adopted the name Sunni, which is a term that derives from ahl al-sunna wa al-jamaa. This is an Arabic phrase referring to a group of people who consider themselves to follow the ways of the prophet and are people of the community. They decided that the next caliph should come from the Quraysh tribe, to which the prophet belonged. Literature on Sunni history indicates that while the prophet

Ecology Of Long Island Sound Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 15000 words

Ecology Of Long Island Sound - Essay Example From this discussion it is clear that  ecology is the scientific study of the interrelationships of plants, animals, and the environment. In recent years, the word has sometimes been misused as a synonym for environment. The principles of ecology are useful in many aspects of the related fields of conservation, wildlife management, forestry, agriculture, and pollution control. The word ecology  is generally believed to have been coined by Ernst HAECKEL, who used and defined it in 1869. The historical roots of ecology lie not only in natural history, but in physiology, oceanography, and evolution as well. It has occasionally been called scientific natural history because of its origin and its heavy reliance on measurement and mathematics. Ecology is variously divided into terrestrial ecology, fresh-water ecology, and marine ecology, or into population ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology. Thus while assessing the impact of human intrusion or activities on Long Island Sound’s ecology; all of the above intrinsic aspects of the definition of the ecology need to be kept in mind.  This paper outlines that  many areas, on the globe, are reported to be in state of ecological and environmental neglect and the impact of such neglect have been documented variedly in the literature as Khoshoo states, with support from the literature, â€Å"Today we are faced with both positive and negative impacts of past development which should put us on guard for the future with regard to the limits of growth and development.... In general, a place has such a character or 'atmosphere'. A place is therefore a qualitative, 'total' phenomenon, which we cannot reduce to any of its properties, such as spatial relationships, without losing its concrete nature" (Norberg-Schulz 1979, 8).For example, Canter (1977) described place as the intersection of a setting's physical characteristics, a person's individual perceptions, and the actions or uses that occur in a particular location (cf. Bonnes and Secchiaroli 1995, 170-174; Pretty et al. 2003). Place has been described as the point where the setting's physical and cultural characteristics meld with the individual's affective perceptions and functional needs (Bott 2000)". Before one could begin the study of the impact of human activities on the ecology of a region; it must be clear as to what is implied by the term ecology. Ecology is the scientific study of the interrelationships of plants, animals, and the environment. In recent years, the word has sometimes been misused as a synonym for environment. The principles of ecology are useful in many aspects of the related fields of conservation, wildlife management, forestry, agriculture, and pollution control. The word ecology (Greek, oikos, "house," and logos, "study of") is generally believed to have been coined by Ernst HAECKEL, who used and defined it in 1869. The historical roots of ecology lie not only in natural history, but in physiology, oceanography, and evolution as well. It has occasionally been called scientific natural history (a phrase originated by Charles ELTON) because of its origin and its heavy reliance on measurement and mathematics. Ecology is variously divided into terrestrial ec ology,

The USEC Inc Project Examination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The USEC Inc Project Examination - Essay Example The key value driver of the NPV is the demand for Separate Work Units (SWU). It has been assumed by USEC that there will be 100% demand which will enable the ACP to operate at 100% production capacity. The sensitivity analysis shows that for every 1% decrease in demand, the NPV comes down by 2.74%. It is therefore recommended that Rivanna capital should take a long position in the project. This is because the stock price, after considering the ACP project, is undervalued by a massive 49.53% and Rivanna’s rule is to go long on any stock that is undervalued by 10% or more. 2. MAIN REPORT 2.1 The pursuit of ACP by USEC USEC is pursuing ACP because it will give it an edge technologically and cost-wise over its competitors. The cost efficiencies realised from ACP will make it the lowest cost producer in the uranium enrichment industry. The existing uranium enrichment process of USEC at the Paducah plant uses the gas diffusion process. This process requires intensive electricity pow er for operating a series of enormous industrial compressors. USEC has kept the cost of this electricity constant through a long term electricity contract. However, this contract will expire soon. After the expiry of this contract, the cost of production will rise and this will have a very negative impact on the profit margins of USEC. Consequently, USEC is very keen on pursuing the American Centrifuge project. The technology used in the centrifuge project will cut down the electricity consumption in the enrichment process by a whopping 95%.This would bring down the overall enrichment costs by 50%. The low costs mean higher profit margins for USEC. ACP will also double the scale of USEC and has the potential to dramatically improve the competitive position of USEC. 2.2... USEC is pursuing ACP because it will give it an edge technologically and cost-wise over its competitors. The cost efficiencies realised from ACP will make it the lowest cost producer in the uranium enrichment industry. The existing uranium enrichment process of USEC at the Paducah plant uses the gas diffusion process. This process requires intensive electricity power for operating a series of enormous industrial compressors.

Week 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Week 4 - Essay Example ected is accurate, all the team members should evaluate the operational descriptions of the data and ensure they are all correct, can be easily understood and completed. Therefore, awareness of the reliability and validity of the data collection tool used in quantitative research project is vital (Joint Commission Resources, Inc., 2008). Ensuring that the data collection tool is accurate is very crucial in qualitative research. Using consistent data collection tools increases the validity and consistency of the data collection. For example, a different person should collect the same data one has obtained at a different time. One cannot assume the blood pressure measurements taken are all accurate unless he or she is certain that the sphygmomanometers are often calibrated and all the doctors and nurses are well trained to provide best practice on taking blood pressures. A well cross-examined questionnaire will ensure that there are no shortcomings that lead to the collection of unreliable data. One is advised that if he or she cannot get a reliable collection tool, he should ensure that they carry out a pilot test first to avoid the difficulties. To improve on the reliability of data collection, training should be undertaken to all those who are providing data in correct procedures of data entry. Collecting unreliabl e data will lead to wrong results of the qualitative research (Chambers & Wakley, 2005). Cultural background is important in ensuring that one gets the information that one requires. When interviewing Ms. Li some of the cultural considerations that are important to remember include the preference of Asian Americans to herbal medicine, intimate partner violence or abuse among Asian Americans and the belief that the human body is whole and that each part is intimately connected, therefore when sick the whole body should be treated. The abuse assessment screen refers to a screening tool that is used to evaluate indications of abuse or violence against

Checkout paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Checkout paper 2 - Essay Example She even agreed that not able to attend schools due to sickness was causing a hard time for her. â€Å"I believe that I am feeling ill most of the time and sometimes the intensity of sickness increases which compels me to take off from the school. Since I am missing my classes, I am lagging behind from my classmates and it is quite disturbing for me. It is even giving me a hard time.† I think it was the right time to ask for clarifying me her viewpoint so that I could probe her for more information. I even realized that she was having difficulty in sharing her feeling and my question gave her space to open up and she responded to me appropriately: It was important to summarize and reflect on her responses so that we both were on the same pace and the matter could be resolved. Her response shed light on the solution which she was seeking for undertaking few measures for getting fit and healthy: â€Å"The medications make me tiresome and I feel sleepy during the classes too. It is quite irritating for me as I want to focus my attention on class lectures and compensate for the loss caused due to my sickness. Moreover, I want to move towards a routine which incorporates exercise regime.† With this statement, it was evident that she wanted support for implementing a lifestyle which will be in compliance with her requirements. At this point, I had to ask more information so I used the paraphrasing technique: This statement clarified everything that she wanted to get rid of the inactiveness caused due to sickness and motivate herself to include exercise in her routine. In order to summarize the interview, I said: The client agreed with my response and it was a productive activity as it highlighted the main area of concern. During this exercise, I made effective use of reflection, summarization, clarification and paraphrasing. Overall, I believe that I learnt about my

What Special Educators Need to Know about Students with Learning Research Paper - 1

What Special Educators Need to Know about Students with Learning Disabilities - Research Paper Example With regards to the special education of the students with learning disabilities, some of these district policies usually find themselves in conflict with the CEC code of ethics. This creates a dilemma for both the teachers and the students under these policies. An example of such a conflict comes in with regards to the code of ethics outlining the disciplinary measures to be taken against students when they break the laws laid down by the institutions. According to the district policies, in the event of a discipline case, all the students are meant to receive the same kind of punishment without any form of biasness (Council for exceptional children, 2012). However, the code of ethics dictates that special consideration should be given to the students with learning disabilities. Their involvement in the disciplinary cases may not have been entirely their fault. This scenario presents a point of conflict between the district policies and the code of ethics. Another example is the evaluation of the students academically. This presents a conflict with the district policies, all the students are supposed to be evaluated on their merit based on the same rubric. However, the code of ethics clearly stated that these students with learning disabilities are supposed to be evaluated individually (Council for exceptional children, 2012). Their condition does not allow them to be evaluated on the same basis as other students. This presents a conflict in this issue. While looking at the characteristics of students with learning disabilities, it is very important that we do not overlook the fact that some of these students actually possess more than one of these characteristics. However, not all of the characteristics are commonly shared by the students.  

Causes and effects of obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Causes and effects of obesity - Essay Example The modern life has become so mechanical that people find it hard to find time for cooking at home. Although the standard of living has improved in general, yet many people have to spend most of their day at the workplace in order to make both ends meet. In such a hectic routine, purchasing ingredients from the market and cooking food at home is not only a time consuming activity, but also proves far more expensive than a burger with coke and French fries at a nearby restaurant. Therefore, most of the working people opt for fast food. Fast food owners sell their business on the theme of upsizing. People do not realize but the fast food adds kilos of fat under their skin in no time. In addition to consuming junk food, people’s lack of tendency to exercise and work out regularly also makes them gain weight. Most people do not have a habit of going on a walk or doing exercise because it feels just too boring and tiresome to adopt as a habit. Whenever people find some time in the busy routine, an obvious choice is to watch a new movie or enjoy ice-cream at the nearest parlor. People eat not because they are feeling hungry. Instead, they eat because they want to kill the time in an enjoyable manner. Also, in the contemporary age, eating junk food has become more of a fashion than a hobby.

Prisoner of War Camps in United States during World War 2 Essay

Prisoner of War Camps in United States during World War 2 - Essay Example Describing the typical disorientation and vulnerability of these German prisoners, historian Ron Robin writes, "Captivity destroyed all remnants of their predictable routine and hurled the surrendering troops into a maelstrom of disorder, uncertainty, and disgrace. . . . At every stage of the arduous journey from the temporary stockades in Europe and Africa to POW camps in the United States, the prisoners were systematically deprived of all remaining symbols of their past, pride, and identity." (Ron Robin, 1995) American and German prisoners experienced vastly different traveling conditions en route to their permanent camps. American captives were either marched on foot or jammed into "40-and-8" railroad box cars. Prisoners were sometimes locked in these cars for days, without food, water, or any kind of sanitary facilities. The result, according to ex-POW Kenneth Simmons, was "a trip that would turn men into swine." (Simmons, 1960). Compounding the danger was the "friendly" fire of Allied planes that had no way of knowing who was trapped inside their targets. It is no exaggeration to compare this harrowing experience to the notorious "Middle Passage" endured by captive Africans on their way to slavery in the New World. German prisoners initially suffered similar dangers, but once safely on board ship creature comforts greatly improved, although they did face the possibility of being sunk by their own U-boats. Once they had landed safely in the United States, German prisoners were amazed to discover the comfort of a Pullman car. The POW camps in U.S. were all over the country, while largely in Michigan, due to the warm, mild climate. Starting with Michigan, POWs were generally at Fort Custer. They had all these POWs and there must have been 400-500 camped in there. Although in the camps, the POWs' work was to make Gerber baby food. They sowed all the vegetables and after that grounded them into Gerber baby food. They were good workers. Two of such camps were Camp Owosso and Fort Custer in Michigan: Camp Owosso in Michigan: The U.S. Government, during WWII setup a Prisoner of War Camp at the corner of M-21 and Carland Rd. The area was used as a dirt race track, but since it was not used during the war, it served as Camp Owosso. The prisoners were captured on the battlefields of Europe and Africa and after being brought to Owosso, were allowed to work on area farms, the Roach Canning Factory at Owosso or the Aunt Janes Pickle Factory on Easton Rd. near New Lothrup. Under the Emergency Farm Administration Labor Program, most prisoners chose to work and get paid, over staying confined in camp. The prisoners preferred working at the farms, as they given extra food and there had to be one guard for every 3 prisoners. They earned about 80 cents a day. The first prisoners were typical Nazis, but the later ones of 1945 had a different attitude. They preferred farm work if they had a chance. At the Canning Factory, corn, peas and tomatoes were canned there and the prisoners were transferred by truck to and from the plant each day. As they rode through town, they would sing and holler and wave to anyone they saw. They apparently enjoyed being prisoners, far from

Importance of Sports Essay Example for Free

Importance of Sports Essay Sports such as football or baseball involve lots of physical activities. Sports and exercises help in strengthening and toning the muscles and bones in the body. In short, the importance of sports for kids is that it keeps them in an excellent shape. When children or adults plays team sports, be it cricket or hockey, they learn to work in groups. They learn that if the team wins, they win and if the team loses, they lose. This way they learn how to work in groups. Thus, the importance of sports for kids is that they understand what is team spirit and thus, when they grow and actually start working, it will help them immensely in building relationships with their co-workers, and also to work in harmony with others. Sports makes people mentally strong. Success and failure are both parts of sports as well as life. A sportsman knows that there will be times when he will win matches, there will also be times when he will lose them. A sportsperson knows how to handle defeat and thus, treats success and failure equally. This is an important life lesson too, which sports can teach a person. Besides this, another importance of sports for children or for adults is that it teaches them how to handle competition, and be fearless when facing the adversaries. Children and adolescents ooze with physical energy. When they are involved in sports, their physical energies are used up in a constructive way. Teenage is such an impressionable age, if adolescents are given free time they might get involved in wrong activities or may fall in bad company or may also display anti-social behavior. Thus, the importance of sports in society is that it keeps adolescents from becoming anti-social elements, who might otherwise disturb the delicate fabric of society. Heres hoping that now you know what is the importance of sports. Besides being important for kids, taking up a sports career in adult life, has its own benefits. A sportsperson often travels to other countries to play matches and in the process, learns a great deal about the cultures of these countries. Even the spectators or TV viewers are thoroughly entertained while watching professional sports, making it an excellent recreational activity.

Strategies to Deliver Service Quality in Healthcare

Strategies to Deliver Service Quality in Healthcare MANAGING SERVICE DELIVERY PASSED BY: RONALD M. INFANTE PASSED TO: BALA NAIR PROMOTING SERVICE QUALITY – AUCKLAND DISTRICT HEALTH BOARD First we have to define what service quality is, service quality this is where we assess either the delivered service is doing well on the client expectations. We are doing the assessment method in order for us to assess our quality service we provide to our beloved customers to make improve to our service and immediately recognize the problems for the sake of client’s satisfaction (service quality, 2015). In order to achieve service quality we have to use the 6 service dimensions, what are those? These are the patient centeredness, equity, safety, efficiency, effectiveness, and timeliness. First is safety, safety means we do no harm to our client with our care example of this is the New Zealand Red Cross, there are promoting first aid training so that when someone experiencing cardiac arrest, heart attack or even drowned they know how to do the proper way of giving CPR to the victim hence promoting harmless safe rescue. Second effectiveness it means matching science to care so if science said if that this drug can help up within this illness or disorder of course we will use that drug but when science said this can’t help we will not use that drug, in conclusion averting overuse of things that can’t help and assuming using the things that do help avoiding under use, that’s effectiveness learning science with care. Third patient centeredness our client have the power to control of his own care, they have the decision on what affects in their health, so by giving these they have the option on what to do in their own care. Fourth timeliness, Air New Zealand have a system build to east the time waste of their clients in result many of their passengers come again to them because of their good services they provide. So we have to follow the footsteps of Air New Zealand by evading delays people are familiar with waiting, we waiting for an appointment to see the doctor or we wait a long time into see the doctor in emergency room, timeliness is important dimensions of service quality, you don’t want a wait everywhere on the health care service so timeliness is decreasing delays. Fifth efficiency like Caltex they doing improvement for their fuel to make a high grade fuel efficiency for their beloved customer that’s is why they are the leading gasoline provider now a days. Efficiency is the way we stop wasting unnecessary procedure or stuff so that the time need on that care is been serve well in the fullness and timely. Sixth equity that means closing the gap in justice of health care basically right now the biggest predictor of your health status in our country remain is your race, you know someone race someone know about their future in health you don’t know most anything I can tell you about them, a black baby born in the city bottom more this years has a life expectancy of a male it’s a seven or eight years less than white baby that’s the quality dimension to equity (Defining Quality: Aiming for a Better Health Care System, 2012). Patient centeredness, equity, safety, efficiency, effectiveness, and timeliness those are the names of dimensions of quality that the Auckland District Health Board should work on. Servqual Model 0c Gap 5 (Futuristic) Gap 3 Gap 4 Gap 1 (Quality) (Design) (Client) Gap 2 (Management) v Gap 1 (Client) this is between what the client expect and what CEO think client’s expect, for example am the client and I go to a five star hotel so I expect when I came there is a parking space available for me, a free movie ticket or a ticket with a best show, a high fast speed free Wi-Fi internet and when I don’t get all this thing no matter what good experience is there is a gap because I don’t get what I expected to have and that disappointed me so what must the CEO do, do a market research, evaluate yourself and your service, put your shoes to client so you will know what is there expecting with your service will provide for them to satisfied there expectation. Gap 2 (Management) this is gap between what Health Care Staff perception what kind of service they provide for the client and what the CEO perception what his Health Care Staff expected to do. For example hand over of the patient to another health care staff, here is the scenario I night nurse shift is waiting for her hand over shift because her time of care is over then the morning nurse shift came and she just told the patient name and where his room number and she walk away, so there is a gap of improper hand over so this is what the nurse perception, so what the CEO do, do a meeting so the address of improper hand over is solve. Gap 3 (Quality) the contrast between what standards a firm is supposed to deliver and the job actually gets delivered. For example vital signs procedure, a nurse is checking the vital signs of the patient without the proper equipment’s he just using his clinical eye for example he touched the forehead of the patient and suddenly said your temperature is 37 degree Celsius so there is the gap about service quality, so how do we solve it by using the proper equipment using to check the vital signs like thermometer. Gap 4 (Design) the difference between what external clients perception and what it actually does for them, example is there is a program for weight loss and it said you can loss 20 kilos for just 2 weeks and there is the gap, so how we solve it tell the most accurate result like loss 3 kilos per week by the use of attending to dietician and physiotherapy experts. Gap 5 (Futuristic) the difference between clients expectation and perception, now if we solve this all kinds of gaps I guarantee you all our client/patient experience our service will come back to us seek medical attention (The GAP Model for Service Quality Improvement, 2012). I also want to implement Kanban in our hospital, Kanban is a scheduling system it can help us to manage our time in dealing with our patient. How can affect us? It scheduled our time by doing the 3 process to do, in process, and done. By this it will help us to list what the things to do example for this day, what are the things that are in process, and what are the things that are currently done. So it help us to simply understand what we are going to priorities to decrease the chance of forgetting it. Also we need to implement the lean system in our hospital it is a process of eliminating useless waste, like overproduction of unnecessary supply. What are the advantages of this first reduce the unwanted supply of medical equipment like gloves, mask, disposable gown, etc., second decrease the unnecessary medicine that usual don’t use. third advantage is we can maximize our profit using this system because we are reducing the useless things in our hospital, means we can focus the money on other things that is useful to prevent shortage of equipment’s, tools, medicines, etc. 10 Principles of Good BPM, First context-awareness example the work must be specific just like to orient someday new so that the rules or procedure he will do are clear. Second continuity monitoring of procedure that is up to date or current. Third enablement all the employee must involve of the organization or in participation in committee Fourth holism every ward or department have the same idea or concept about the procedure of what they are doing. Fifth institutionalization the rules and responsibility of the organization must be implement and practice, it can’t make on the spot the procedure unless it was crisis. Sixth involvement sharing of thoughts and ideas of everyone just like brainstorming it can help promoting good teamwork. Seventh joint understanding, language is the universal tool we use to communicate with each other, especially English language because this is the universal language we use globally. Eight purpose, what is the reason why we doing something, something that we can help our clients/patient in their healing process. Ninth simplicity, the service quality must not compromise by the cost of health care. Tenth technology approach, using technology now a days are great it made our task easier to do, for example using IT in our database it help us to find the data of the patient more easier rather than the old one of searching for a papers or stuff.

Movement in an Idealized Dam-break Configuration

Movement in an Idealized Dam-break Configuration For doing the research of the fluid dynamics with the open channel flow, to derive and understanding different waves equations in partial differential approximation with conservation form such as the explicit centered convection approximation and the explicit upwind convection approximation in different condition. Trying to substitutive the values into the equations to derive the appropriate method base on the finite- volume method in the fluid dynamics and using the software to calculate the flux and the stability which will depend on the direction of the wave and must be under the distance travel must not exceed the step way condition. The aim is staring to go through the details of the equations, get the brand new Flux functions which called lax Wendorff burgers equation scheme and Dam break scheme, based on those approximation to estimate the wave direction, wave speed, height, density and momentum in the certain and instant time for the water wave and at different conditions property and combinations. Putting the values to get the approximate results with those two methods and compare with each other. Plot the appropriate graphs. Abstract The purpose of this study is to model the flow movement in an idealized dam-break configuration. One-dimensional motion of a shallow flow over a rigid inclined bed is considered. The resulting shallow water equations are solved by finite volumes using the Lax-Wendroff schemes. At first, the one-dimensional model is considered in the development process. With conservative finite volume method, splitting is applied to manage the combination of hyperbolic term and source term of the shallow water equation and then to promote 1D. The simulations are validated by the comparison with flume experiments. Unsteady dam-break flow movement is found to be reasonably well captured by the model. The proposed concept could be further developed to the numerical calculation of non-Newtonian fluid or multilayers fluid flow. All the calculations, data and graphs represent are all through MATLAB programming with an individual code and all the units and symbols were labeled in the code. A. Units and constant for the approximations Equations Theory Partial Differentials Partial differential equations are complicated method to solve as they contain more than one variable and instead are used to Describe problems involving the parameters in use which can be solved using the variation of schemes. They describe the certain rate of change of variables which are related to each other, in this project, the first convection are the wave equation in conservation form which are to approximate the velocity of the flow in different directions and the flux approximation with changing time. Two different methods are considered which are the explicit upwind convection approximation and explicit centered convection approximation respectively. When dt = 0 and dx = 0, Discretization Schemes Explicit centered convection approximation and explicit upwind convection approximation, these methods include finite volume method which approximating the variables around discrete nodes with dissected into too many small elements that are approximated. Finite-Difference Approximation Finite-difference approximations are one of the most derivative methods for solving differential equations. The system can approximate the solution with the necessary boundary and initial conditions imposed, providing an accurate solution for the previous unfathomable equation. They are of particular use in aerodynamics as their time and space dependent nature lends itself to computing shock wave propagation or other energy transfer flows. Their approach uses discretization to approximate the differential, by applying a finite grid, of points at which the variables are estimated, with the process continuing as the local points govern their approximation values from the neighboring nodes. Iterative approximation in this manner produces an obvious error, known as the discretization or truncation error, diverging from the true value. The key to the principle is, like anything, minimizing this error in the system. Monitoring this error then is something of paramount importance and through the implementation of the Taylor Series. In addition, there are three critical properties that any approximation of a partial differential should maintain, which are consistency, stability and convergence. Forward-Time, Backward-Space Scheme The form of approximation method is a backward, explicit, hyperbolic system which means that at the next set of results are only calculated from the nodes immediately behind them geometrically, in relation to their pervious counterparts, for examples, When dt = 0 and dx = 0, This also gives the system an inherent advantage as this encourages convergence, through the fact that the approximation method has a domain of dependence which are include the initial data, shared by the partial differential at t = 0, only apply on the first set of data. Also, further information gathered from the equation itself shows is a first order method and most suitable to simple differential approximations. Lax Scheme This kind of approximations are most likely the previous is explicit hyperbolic in nature, however, it is a scheme which to demonstrated that all the velocity of the water flow terms are either side of and is first order accurate for u, and also approximate the accuracy for x. When dt = 0 and dx = 0, Moreover, the stability of the method has to be considered as the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition is a necessary condition for convergence while solving certain partial differential equations usually hyperbolic numerically by the method of finite differences. It arises in the numerical analysis of explicit time integration schemes, when these are used for the numerical solution. As a consequence, the time step must be less than a certain time in many explicit time-marching computer simulations, otherwise the simulation will produce incorrect results. Lax-Wendroff Scheme This scheme is a common numerical method for the solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations like the previous schemes which are based on the finite differences to accurate for both space and time apparently. There are two different cases are going to consider and approximate which are the 1st for the linear case, while , where a is a constant which to define the direction of the flow and u is the wave speed, when, the flow is to the right, and to the left when a is negative. As two different approximations have considered, for the centered method For the upwind method Or Or And for the Lax-Wendroff in first-order Predictor, Corrector, For the 2nd case, Centered method For the upwind method Or Or And for the Lax-Wendroff in first-order Predictor, Corrector, Calculate for the half grid points and time steps approximation as different predictors first and then recalculate the scheme by the value of half grid points and time steps into same Corrector which putting a two steps approximation rather than a single step to make it more accurate. This is a feature unique for the Lax-Wendroff method. Also, the stability of CFL condition is the same as the previous scheme. Taylor Series The Taylor series is a form of evaluating and representing partial differentials, as an infinite sum of its terms at a single point, in form of series expansion. The use of the series has many applications in engineering, with its main being the approximation of functions through the expansion to the necessary number of terms. Through collating the appropriate number of terms and then truncating the series a valid approximation of the function can be made. The act of truncating the series generates an error, although as the expansion continues the effect of each term dwindles, a characteristic that allows the truncation after a certain term number. The truncation error can also be computed and gives an indication as to the validity and performance of the initial approximation made using the series expansion. B. Dam break schme The simplest situations will first be considered, of mass, momentum and energy conservation laws in primitive form, so stripped of all energy-diffusing terms, such as bed slope , resistance, change of section. Governing Equations The mass entering t element in time dt is While the amount leaving is For the mass For the momentum For the simplest case, X1 Figures and Tables Figure 1 Figure 1 shows the relationship of the velocity against the postion of the flow in linear first-order which (f = a*u) , where a is 1, Lax-Wendroff is used for approximation, and it shows a steady flow with a certain time and positions with the input data, there are 50 nodes in total and the grid spacing are 400 as the detla time was 0.0015s, so the grid spacing should have to take a really large value to maintain the CFL. Figure 2 Figure 2 shows the relationship of the velocity against the postion of the flow in non-linear first-order which (f = u2/2), Lax-Wendroff is used for approximation, and it shows a steady flow with a certain time and positions with the input data, there are 50 nodes in total and the grid spacing are 30 as the detla time was 0.0015s, the grid spacing take a really smaller value to maintain the CFL. Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 3 Figure 4 shows the relationship between the height against the spacing and the momentum against the spacing respectively, dam break scheme is used with base on a Lax-Wendroff approximation and for Figure 3, the running time is 10 seconds which is shorter then Figure 4 and the depth of the dam wall sets as 0.2m and break at 30m while Figure 4 sets as 0.5m depth and break at 50m. As the results show, the longer running time it takes, the stability and convergence of the approximation comes out. Also, both of the results withdraw the boundary which take an error while plot graph. So, a function for boundary condition has to be considered as well. References Guymon, Gary L. A Finite Element Solution Of The One-Dimensional Diffusion-Convection Equation. Water Resources Research 6.1 (1970): 204-210. Web.

Fairy Tale :: essays research papers

June Essay Fairy Tale There are so many different fairly tales to pick from, so I decided to make up my own version of ABobby and Steven Up The Bean Stock@. Once upon a time there was a 15 year old boy name Bobby who was extremely bored. Bobby was out building his motocross track and a bean fell from the sky right in front of him. He didn=t think anything of it, so he just kept building his jump, and he buried it over the jump. Bobby was getting thirsty so he went in the house to get a drink of gatorade. When he came back out to the jump he saw a weed sprouting out of the jump. But as usual he thought nothing of it and kept building. When he was done, he watered the whole track, and then got ready to ride. When he got geared up and ready to go he started going towards the hill and noticed a huge bean stock shooting out of his jump. He went into shock, he=d never seen such a thing. Since Bobby is a very curious person he hopped off his bike and called his friend Steven to tell him. But of course he didn=t believe Bobby. Steven came over anyway expecting to ride, but when he got there he was in for a surprise. After they both calmed down they got exited. Both of them loved to go on journeys, so they started climbing, and after 2 hours of climbing they reached the top. When they got there they took some time to look around. After that they found a huge castle, to big to imagine. So as usual they snooped around and went inside. There was a room full of gold, so they each carried small hunks out as fast as they could. Half way to the bean stock the clouds started to shake viciously. They both looked far into the clouds (good thing Bobby had his contacts on) and saw a huge ugly man running toward them. Bobby and Steven ran as fast as there feet could carry them. When they got to the bean stock, they threw the gold down then both started climbing down very fast, almo st sliding down. They cut there time down to 30 minutes instead of two hours.

Malebranches Occasionalism: The Philosophy in the Garden of Eden Essay

Malebranche's Occasionalism: The Philosophy in the Garden of Eden ABSTRACT: According to Malebranche, Adam should be considered as an occasionalist philosopher. Not only did philosophy originate in paradise, but it in fact originated as Malebranchian occasionalism. It was in order to be able to persist in his occasionalist belief that Adam was given exceptional power over his body, that is, the power to detach the principal part of his brain (i.e., the seat of the soul) from the rest of the body. It was only in continually detaching the principal part of his brain from the rest of the body that Adam was able to persist in his occasionalist belief despite the unmistakable testimony of his sense to the contrary. Having once sinned, he thereupon lost his psychophysical privilege. Whereas pre-lapsarian physiology made Adam's belief in the causal efficacy of God possible, post-lapsarian physiology, in contrast, necessarily engenders and sustains belief in the causal efficacy of bodies. It was only as a result of the post-lapsarian physiology that some o f the central problems of early modern philosophy arose. Contingent upon Adam's psychophysical privilege, occasionalism was possible only in paradise. Malebranche observes that, before the Fall, Adam knew that "only God was capable of acting on him." (1) Knowing "more distinctly than the greatest philosopher ever" (2) that God was the only true cause, the first man should thus be considered as an occasionalist philosopher par excellence. Not only, then, did philosophy originate in Paradise, but it in fact originated as Malebranchian occasionalism. However, whereas Adam knew through the light of reason that God was acting upon him, "he did not sense it." (3) What he sensed was, ... ...e puissance qu'ils /sc. les sens/ ont de tyranniser des pecheurs" (OC 1:75) is somewhat imprecisely rendered by Lennon and Olscamp as "their power of victimizing sinners"; see The Search after Truth, 22. (9) Dialogues on Metaphysics, 217. (10) See Conversations chretiennes, in OC 4:40. (11) Dialogues on Metaphysics, 194. (12) Elucidations of the Search after Truth, 581. (13) Dialogues on Metaphysics, 218. (14) Ibid., 217. (15) Conversations chretiennes, in OC 4:98. (16) See ibid., 98-99. (17) Ibid., 99. (18) Dialogues on Metaphysics, 237. (19) Conversations chretiennes, in OC 4:99. (20) The Search after Truth, 123. (21) Conversations chretiennes, in OC 4:99. (22) See ibid., 99-100; see also The Search after Truth, 123. (23) See Meditations chretiennes et metaphysiques, in OC 10:113; see also Dialogues on Metaphysics, 193.

Caught in the College Conundrum?

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A Woman of No Importance, Final Act Essay

Wilde enforces human organismsy prominent effects throughout the repair to desecrate and amuse the audience and many of them plenty be seen in this final pictorial matter. The particular that this conversation between Mrs Arbuthnot and lord Illingworth takes smirch in Mrs Arbuthnots house, her personal quadruplet and territory puts her at an advantage and it shows that passkey Illingworth is surr residuumering his usual control over his situations By overlord Illingworth referring to Mrs Arbuthnot as Rachel we ar again made aw be that we are sense of hearing to two people who have a strong past relationship.She calls him George Harford while he uses her name far less often meters that in the persuasive Act 2. During this scene, overlord Illingworth speaks with awareness of the legal situation, he k nowadayss he can n ever make Gerald genuine but he is imparting to vanish him property What more can a gentleman desire in this valet de chambre? and Mrs Arbuthnots response of Nothing more, I am quite sure turns this in to a class confrontation. When Mrs Arbuthnot understands I told you I was not interested, and I beg you to go. this is a threat to conventional society and the audience would have been shocked by this.She treats lord Illingworth as he once inured her, in purely financial foothold and she tells him that Gerald no longer indispensabilitys his m stary, You go into too late. My son has no need of you. You are not necessary. She consequently goes on to explain to him that Gerald and Hester are in whap and they dont need his money because Hester already has money of her own. skipper Illingworth asks where they bequeath go and Mrs Arbuthnots reply We will not tell you, and if you find us we will not know you. You bet surprised.What welcome would you get from the girl whose lips you try to soil, from the boy whose life you have shamed, from the sire who dishonor comes from you? is precise melo dramatic and it besides relives the fact that maestro Illingworth tried to fondle Hester and this is when Gerald found out that he was his father, Lord Illingworth you have insulted the purest thing on theologys world. This leaves Lord Illingworth to admit that he fates Gerald, Rachel, I want my son. Wilde uses many props in this scene, the main one being the earn Gerald has written to Lord Illingworth imploring him to follow his mother.The audience know what is written in the earn before Lord Illingworth does and this adds drama and tension because the audience are postponement for the big reveal and to see what happens. This letter also links back to the letter that Lord Illingworth sees in Act 2 and says What a curious hand It reminds me of the handwriting of a woman I utilise to know years ago. and his dismissal of it so simply. The stage circumspection of Mrs Arbuthnot watches him all the while is precise important because she wants to see his reaction.ironically his proposal of sum a fter interpret Geralds letter uses similar phrase to Mrs Arbuthnots when explaining to Gerald why she would refuse him, for her marriage would be a sacrifice and for Lord Illingworth it would be a surrender. For Mrs Arbuthnot to say this at this point in the draw would have been very uncommon for the succession because the audience would be expecting a skilful ending, for the fallen women to marry the father of her kidskin or for it to end like a melodrama, in tragedy.For the first time, Mrs Arbuthnot is triumphant against Lord Illingworth with the repetition of his own words when she says, Children depart by loving their parents. After a time they judge them. Rarely if ever do they forgive them. Lord Illingworth is intelligibly surprised at this response and then resorts to cruelty. His parting speech creates an exciting apogee as the censorship of the time wouldnt allow anyone to say the word dick on the stage.Wildes stage direction of Mrs Arbuthnots use of the baseball g rage Mrs Arbuthnot snatches up glove and strikes Lord Illingworth across the vitrine with it is a very good use of a prop because in the time this play was written a glove was a very mascu production line occurrence and being hit with one was a sign of violence and confrontation. The audience is allowed a shock, due to the word about to be spoken and then they get a relief as the taboo is maintained by Mrs Arbuthnot cutting Lord Illingworth rack up before he can excite his sentence because she will not let him say the word because she doesnt want to hear him say this about her love life son.The villain is punished and Mrs Arbuthnots respectability is ma intained. All of this is typical of a melodrama and we the audience now feel something has been accomplished. Wildes use of stage directions are very well placed and are very dramatic, especially the last few lines of this scene when Mrs Arbuthnot falls sobbing on the waiting room and it reinforces that this play is a melo drama because people are not usually this dramatic in normal everyday life.Gerald and Hester now lessen to Mrs Arbuthnot and we have the picture of a man and a woman in a garden which has been mentioned previously throughout the play and is a sign of sex and fertility and in this scene it shows the audience the image of a new family emerging. Due to Hester having changed her views from believe that women who have children outside of the laws of marriage should be punished, A woman who has sinned should be punished, shouldnt she? And that the children should also carry this shame, Yes, it is right that the sins of the parents should be visited on the children.It is a just law. It is Gods law. to her now saying I was wrong. Gods law is only love. Because she is in love with Gerald and has managed to listen and understand all of the things that Mrs Arbuthnot has had to memorial tablet to bring up Gerald alone. At the end of the play when Gerald sees the glove lying on the floor Mrs Arbuthnot picks up and changes the title line of the play and once again mirrors Lord Illingworths statement about visual perception the letter from Mrs Arbuthnot, Oh o one. No one in particular. A Man of no importance. Unmarried and defiant she enters into a knowing and better world although the 19th century attitudes to marriage are still upheld in a way because even though she has won against Lord Illingworth and she has managed to keep Gerald and now has the love and respect of Hester the audience are still left with the image of them being exiled to America, where they have less strict views on illegitimacy and have more freedom.

A Comparison Between Dulce Et Decorum Est and Pro Patria Essay

The foremost serviceman War was the first real modern contend. Its atrocities and huge terminal buzzer changed pecks views of state of state of war drastic completelyy. pro patria, by Owen Seaman and Dulce et decorousness est by Wilfred Owen are both war rimes write around the beat of the First World War, and as such(prenominal) share authentic sur impertinence properties. However, the two poems differ enormously in their implicit meaning and intentions, swelled the two poems many subtle differences surrounded by their texts. both(prenominal) poems use fiction. Seaman uses metaphor when work forcetioning the brute sword and sol cloyrs u snake pitg noted scutcheons, a blaringly inaccurate image to organise up the idea of chivalry and knights in shining armor, giving that the fighting would be fair and glorious, as hostile to the stilt slaughter and unimaginable tortures spelled pop in Owens Dulce et Decorum est. seaman as well as makes use of anthropomorphisat ion, making England out as some capital, good but enigmatical creature. He refers to England as a macrocosm of some sort, writing of its pleas for intermission at the nations bar, stating that England unavoidablenessed to go to war to adjudge its honor. Owen uses metaphor to destine the state of the soldiers in his poem, saying that the men were drunk with fatigue. The use of fiction is more found only in his poem, when he talks about soldiers flex fork-like, same(p) beggars under sacks and coughing like hags. The use of simile as hostile to metaphor adds to the realness of the poem. twain war poems have religious undertones. The use of Latin in both texts aids this, mimicking the Latin masses of the Catholic Church. Seaman says that those leave at home whilst their sons go to war must be strong in conviction and in prayer and that they should conduct what run intoering we may consecrate, suggesting to the passel back home to turn to their faith for comfort, and to be willing to give up the luxuries of a quiet life for the greater good. Dolce et Decorum est, on the arctic hand, uses the idea of the devils face to describe the expression of a gas pedal victimHis hanging face, like a Devils sick of sinThe comparison also describes the world fatigue of the soldier, what atrocities must a devil be to be sick of sin?Both poems are trying to affect the ordinarys views on the war. master Patria is fundamentally a propaganda poem, an invention used to great effect during the Boer war and revived at the advent of the First World War. The poems previous(predicate) references to honor and duty are to harry young men into singing up for the army, fabricating images of glorious victory in their minds, and guardedly avoiding the nitty gritty mechanics of it, the living in squalid trenches and the likelihood of death.The later sections of the poem are addressed to the parents of the warrior sons urging them to keep a stiff upper lip, or as he puts i t to hush all vulgar clamor of the street. The priming coat for this is that if every time a sustain received a letter from the M.O.D heavy her that her son was dead she were to rush out into the street screaming OH MY GOD, MY POOR kick up HES GONE opposite mothers and fathers would have reservations about sending their sons off to war. Therefore the silence of bereaved parents of fusspot sons went some way to helping the recruiting sergeants job.Dulce et Decorum est is the perfect opposite of the propaganda that is Pro Patria. Whiles Pro Patria uses misleading metaphors Dulce et Decorum est attempts to create the realities of war. Where Pro Patria attempts to glorify war and depict it as honorable, Dulce et Decorum est shows the malicious gossip grime and suffering that went on at the front line. The impassiveness of the soldiers to the gruesome death of the gas victims as they fling him in the cart (the use of the word flung punctuate the fact that this was not unusual and that it had happened before), the commentary of the soldiers as beggars shows a stark argument to Seamans proud and nobleman warrior sons.In structure the poems are sooner homogeneous, Dulce et Decorum est seeming to be around a parody of the older Pro Patria. Indeed when read line by line alternately from different poems, the poems seem to compliment each otherEngland in this great fight to which you go,Bent double like old beggars under sacksAlso, the concluding stanzas of both poems use very similar rhyme patterns. Pro Patrias penultima lines rhyme best with test, and Dulce et Decorum est rhymes savor with est in the same lines (in relation to the end).Both poems encapsulate their message in the concluding lines, the finishing pleas of Seamen for parents to send their sons to war, and the solemn Latin verse of Dulce et Decorum est warning people not to indulge in ultranationalismMy friend you would not tell with such high zest,To children,the old lie Dulce et decorum e stPro patria mori(How sweet and fitting it is to die for your country)Both poems are from around the time of the First World War, Pro Patria was create verbally just before the outbreak, written during the conflict.I believe that the stance taken by the authors stems from their experience of the war and the time at which they were written. Seaman did not and could not have it away what was to happen in the Great War, as it was yet to happen when he wrote the poem. Owen, on the other hand, had been at the front line, and had seen what he was writing about, and felt a need to tell others what he had seen, as opposed to Seaman who was writing for the government.

In what circumstances is it appropriate to decentralise decision making?

Decentralisation of decision making is the process of involving different people in an organization in making key significant changes whether these changes are policy based or otherwise, different levels of senior management are involved and their expertise and own opinion is sought before any changes are enacted. There are 2 public key decisions making methods in an organisation, namely centralized and decentralized, In the latter, only the top management is involved in making key changes and decisions which negative affect the whole organization.This system is advantageous in that, it is faster, reliable wired and less tasking. While it is still used in great majority of organizaions, most organizations are shifting to the decentralised scientific method and therefore are involving different levels of management in the important decision making process.They rely to make decisions and provide same direction for the company.Thirdly, decentralised decision making process is ideal whereby, primary key decisions are being made at departmental levels such as in production department. Empowering departmental heads to make key decisions perhaps pertaining to the purchasing of crucial dry ingredients as well as other technical areas late may require a decentralised decision making model. PAGE 2: Organisational culture empty can present difficulties for management initiated change programmes? connect Discuss Organisational culture refers to the employee – employer international relations which shape how the two parties interact and intermingle at the work place.Also, organisational culture can be shaped by, former employee backgrounds, external factors as well as the level of support accorded to the employees by the political organization staff.Each time a one-voice coverage is required, e.

On the other hand an organization culture which is negative leads to new customers shunning away so that, any well meant educational programmes will be fail to take better off since, negative publicity which the employees can advance in the process of interacting with the different stake holders also what does have a bearing on the outcome of the projects. Lastly, organizational culture determines total output in workers in that, a negative general attitude amongst employees is more likely to lead to new low output in that, it is highly correlated with time low morale and therefore productivity.PAGE 3: Discuss why managerial authority is so important to our understanding of organisations and technological how this power has to be legitimised logical not just by individual workers but by the international organisations culture. Failure to appreciate managerial authority stems original form a negative culture which in stead of pestering a mutual understanding between skilled work ers and employers causes tensions and such misunderstandings in an organization.in fiscal reporting, agility early may not be suitable.To achieve the above, management should work towards having logical and inculcating in the organization, the right culture. This best can be achieved (if it is lacking), through the launching of strategic plans which could incorporate vision logical and mission statements, core values of the organization as well as the social responsibility statement of the organization. All the above are necessary in ensuring that, the organization functions in the right environment whereby the special needs of all members in the organization are taken great care of and employees feel free and as a part of the organization. This in turn direct result into a culture of unity and strength.Dynamic changes in financial resources and organisational objectives , along with the firm environment, geometric mean a static structure is suitable.

The classical organisation is linked with bureaucracy.Organizations and other people having different opinions on a particular small business choice best can struggle.The operation of the HR professional needs to close parallel the requirements of their organization that is shifting.In the procedure, you ought to be going for foreseeable future growth and ensuring.

Further empirical analysis is necessary Considering that the little effect of management reforms like these may take first time to unfold.There are six significant elements that moral ought to be aligned by the communication departments as a means.Gathering information could possibly be a issue for little logical and midsize businesses (SMEs), not just for financial or personnel reasons, but also because SMEs armed might not understand what theyd like to find worn out or they dont have sufficient time good for detailed analysis.Folks at every level in the business could have some autonomy.

Information Technology Management Essay

study and communion technologies mutation comminuted roles in sustaining an organic laws produce and positiveness (G tout ensemble(a)iers & Leidner, 2003). If recognized in good order, investments in schooling and conversation technologies erect purify qualification and strong suit of calling processes and an physical com flummoxs combative strength in the commercialize. favor satisfactory anxiety of cultivation and colloquy technologies investments kindle besides enrich the great unwasheds lives in the face astir(p) military control cheer and productivity. Galliers & Leidner, 2003). succeeder in managing info and conversation investments search mostly on employment good charge practices streamerized charit fit majuscule focal point, round learning forethought, intimacy engine room architecture solicitude and softw ar product focal point (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). However, with all the potentiality benefits of investments in school ing and conference projects, they female genitals be risky, dearly-won and sleeveless if non managed properly (Galliers & Leidner, 2003).Organizations should and so filter out to commit and forbear randomness engine room force-out that ar commensurate and adequate to realize the winner of info and applied recognition investments. This is promote abstr use up by a hateful learning and engineering science stab foodstuff where dependent schooling and engine room military force esteem risque mobility. tidings The set up I am mandatory to figure is a lead beat think to leave practiced pleader and ask an ecesis in implementing strategical maturement and parley projects (Food and cultivation arrangement of the joined Nations, 2010).The resident physician of this position is expect to be able to administer a commodious shop of duties and responsibilities. He or she should be able to use his/ her exposure, practiced father and patron age association in develop an transcriptions practiced plans and to apprise old vigilance on culture engineering strategies, standards and brass section (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). In access he or she ordain be pass judgment to manage the industrys trends in study engine room and respond suitably by formulating vast margin selective education applied science strategies open of alter an formations competitiveness.The fourth-year nurture applied science four-in-hand go forth go nether the familiar command of the foreland decision maker officer. In caudex with dissemble plans and imagery parceling coordination brookd by the drumhead executive officer, he or she bequeath be accountable for in effect(p) planning, c atomic number 18 and oral communion of de readye functions that boil down at heart an knowledge and communication discussion section (Food and tillage giving medication of the joined Nations, 2010) so as to command th at an governing bodys requirements for data systems and tuition engineering science atomic number 18 in effect and expeditiously met.He pass on withal be certificate of indebtedness for ensuring that an arrangings figurer systems ache the energy to feed-to doe with the business need of an ecesis by both upgrading animate systems or maturation cutting systems (Info tech Employment, 2008). superfluous functions pull up s drives embarrass connection in planning, organise and prospect policies for the ontogeny and implementation of an system of ruless knowledge applied science strategies, funding standards, procedures and practices, manage and bone plant life of remote firms in circumscribed projects or functions to turn back flavour and by the way deli precise, providing advisor go in regards to procurance of in the altogether instruction engineering science equipments and selective nurture processing system systems, supervising membe rs of ply delegate to limited projects or functions and organise their facts of life and victimization to train that they argon up to the tasks and finally, developing and monitor depict consummation indicators of appoint functions indoors an study engineering science plane section (Food and market-gardening governance of the join Nations, 2010). The sr. education engineering bus is pass judgment to give up an subtle die hardings knowledge in selective instruction technology and a perpetration to halt up to insure with the in style(p) development (Galliers & Leidner, 2003).He should designate concourses caution skills with an index to affect module members, propose a accommodating and fertile body of work environment, manage resources impressively to achieve objectives, organize and organize work in the department and pardon technological issues intelligibly (Info tech Employment, 2008). He or she result be tasked with atomic numbe r 82 changes that dusk in spite of appearance the study technology department, then moldiness(prenominal) be able to mix in organisational and departmental goals, priorities and values. In addition, he or she should tolerate hear in managing whopping racing shell projects in discipline systems and technology (Food and agribusiness geological formation of the joined Nations, 2010).To effectuate these expectations, a university stagecoach in computing device science or cogitate palm and arrogate superior certifications are mandatory. Moreover, the nominee of weft should have at to the lowest degree basketball team old age management get it on in learning technology. He should instal implement with standard computer software applications and data manipulation, summary and variation tools (Food and land arrangement of the join Nations, 2010). closing education technology investments suffer be very expert to an shaping as a on the whole if they ar e managed properly. Organizations should therefore sieve to make use of and extend certifiable, experient and intellectual teaching technology passenger cars.This is not prosperous presumption the contemporary knowledge technology undertaking market. The labour market is characterized by game mobility of qualified ram and organizations must put in maneuver in force(p) measures to crack they withdraw the well(p) people. whiz of the measures an organization should take is delineate take a crap structures and responsibilities of all employees in the information technology department. The senior information technology manager result provide skillful precaution and counsel to the organization in implementing strategic information technology projects. He will be liable for ensuring effective and cost-efficient management of resources at heart the information technology department.